历史

The cancer center is named after Monroe Dunaway Anderson, a banker and cotton trader from Jackson, Tennessee. He was a member of a business partnership with his brother-in-law Will Clayton. Their company became the largest cotton company in the world. Anderson feared that, in the event of one of the partners' deaths, the company would lose a large amount of money to estate tax and be forced to dissolve. To avoid this, Anderson created the MD Anderson Foundation with an initial sum of $300,000. In 1939 after Anderson's death, the foundation received $19 million.

In 1941 the Texas Legislature had appropriated $500,000 to build a cancer hospital and research center. The Anderson Foundation agreed to match funds with the state if the hospital were located in Houston in the Texas Medical Center (another project of the Anderson Foundation) and named after Anderson.

Using surplus World War II Army barracks, the hospital operated for 10 years from a converted residence and 46 beds leased in a Houston hospital before moving to its current location in 1954.

组织

Mission

MD Anderson is focused on research on causes, treatments, and prevention of cancer, with the stated mission of "Making Cancer History." In 2009, more than 11,000 patients participated in therapeutic clinical research exploring novel treatments, making it the largest program of its kind in the United States.

Status

Being a component of The University of Texas System, MD Anderson Cancer Center is managed under a nonprofit structure, however for profit agreements (see the award winning article "M.D. Anderson private venture raises questions") have caused some to question the motives of the center.

MD Anderson enjoys university status by providing fellowship, internship and residency opportunities to Ph.D.s and medical professionals. The institution offers master's degrees and Ph.D.s to students enrolled in The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, which it operates with UT Health Science Center at Houston. Areas of study include: immunology, cancer biology, genes and development, molecular carcinogenesis, medical physics, biomathematics and biostatistics, experimental therapeutics, and virology and gene therapy.

Through its School of Health Professions, the cancer center also offers bachelor's degrees in seven allied health fields, including clinical laboratory science, cytogenetic technology, cytotechnology, diagnostic imaging, medical dosimetry, molecular genetic technology and radiation therapy.

Recognition

MD Anderson is ranked No. 1 in cancer care in the United States by U.S. News & World Report. Additionally, the cancer center ranks first in the number of National Cancer Institute grants and invested more than $510 million in research in 2009. The cancer center also received Magnet Nursing recognition from the American Nurses Credentialing Center.

Leadership

MD Anderson has had only three full-time presidents in its history:

• R. Lee Clark, M.D. (1946–1978)
• Charles LeMaistre, M.D. (1978–1996)
• John Mendelsohn, M.D. (1996–Present)

The provost and executive vice president is Raymond DuBois, M.D., Ph.D.

The executive vice president and physician-in-chief is Thomas Burke, M.D.

The executive vice president and chief business officer is Leon Leach.

The vice president for clinical research is Maurie Markman, M.D.

Growth

The cancer center continues to grow, increasing in size by 50% in the past 10 years. The complex now includes 571 inpatient beds, several research buildings and outpatient clinic buildings, two faculty office buildings, and a patient-family hotel in addition to other off-site facilities for clinical and research use.

International growth

In 2000 MD Anderson officials inaugurated MD Anderson International-España, its first international affiliation and Spain's first multidisciplinary full-service cancer center. Located in Madrid, the center offers access to many of the clinical trials offered at MD Anderson.

MD Anderson International-España is a venture between MDA Holding Spain, S.A., a Spanish investment consortium, and the MD Anderson Outreach Corporation, a health care organization created in 1989 to open and expand access to MD Anderson's internationally recognized standard of cancer care. Funding was provided by participants in Madrid.

In return for assisting with the development and operation of the Madrid facility, MD Anderson Outreach Corporation has a small equity and share in profits. Neither MD Anderson Cancer Center nor MD Anderson Outreach Corporation has invested any actual dollars in the project.

MD Anderson Outreach Corporation has two seats on the 11-member board of directors of MDA Holding Company. The two board seats have significant "reserve powers," which mandate that both representatives approve certain decisions such as those related to quality assurance.

Locations

Main campus

This section requires expansion.

MD Anderson's main campus is in the Texas Medical Center in Houston. The territory within the main campus is divided into the North Campus, the Mid Campus, and the South Campus.

The T. Boone Pickens Academic Tower, a 21-story, 730,000-square-foot (68,000 m) building, which opened in 2008, is named after T. Boone Pickens, who donated to the cancer center. It is the tallest structure in the campus, and it houses classrooms, conference facilities, and executive and faculty offices.

In 1974 MD Anderson bought the Houston Main Building (originally the Prudential Building) for $18.5 million. As of 2010 the building, which includes a Peter Hurd fresco, is scheduled for demolition.

Other locations

Within Greater Houston MD Anderson operates several regional care centers. They include:

• Bellaire: Radiation Treatment Center in Bellaire
• Nassau Bay: Regional Care Center in the Bay Area - On the campus of the Christus St. John Hospital
• Richmond: Radiation Treatment Center in Fort Bend
• Sugar Land: Regional Care Center in Sugar Land - On the campus of St. Luke's Sugar Land Hospital
• unincorporated Harris County: Regional Care Center in Katy - On the campus of the Christus St. Catherine Hospital
• unincorporated Montgomery County: Radiation Treatment Center in The Woodlands - On the campus of St. Luke's Community Medical Center

MD Anderson also has operations outside of Texas. The MD Anderson Cancer Center Radiation Treatment Center at Presbyterian Kaseman Hospital is located in the Presbyterian Kaseman Hospital in Albuquerque, New Mexico. MD Anderson Banner Cancer Center in Gilbert, a city in the Greater Phoenix area of Arizona, will open in late 2011. The system announced plans to create the Gilbert facility on May 5, 2009.

In addition the MD Anderson Radiation Treatment Center in Istanbul at American Hospital is located in the Vehbi Koc Foundation (VKF) American Hospital in Istanbul, Turkey.

Sister institutions

The MD Anderson Cancer Center Orlando in Orlando, Florida opened in 1989.

The Centro Oncológico MD Anderson International España (COMDAIE) is a sister institution to the system. The system's operations in Madrid opened in 1999.

MD Anderson Services Corporation

This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2010)

MD Anderson Services Corporation (formerly MD Anderson Cancer Center Outreach Corporation) was established in 1989 as a not-for-profit corporation to enhance revenues of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center by establishing joint ventures in selected markets, providing additional referrals to the institution, contracting for delivery of inpatient and out-patient management, using existing UT MD Anderson Cancer Center reference laboratory services, and fostering additional philanthropy in distant areas. MD Anderson Services Corporation is managed by a board of directors. Three of the directors, one of whom shall be a regent and two of whom shall be administrative officers of The University of Texas System, may be appointed by the Board of Regents. (Note that the MD Anderson Outreach Corporation entered in a for-profit agreement with MD Anderson International-España.)

更多

• James L. Abbruzzese

参考文献

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